9^th Nano Congress for Next Generation August 1-2, 2016 Manchester,United Kingdom

Hyun Young Jung is now an Assistant Professor in the Department of Energy Engineering at the Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology in Korea. His ongoing researches focus on energy conversion and storage devices of engineered nanomaterials and composites, aerogel for energy and environment,and optoelectronics. He has published more than 33 papers in reputed journals.

Graphene sheets derived from electrochemical exfoliation have shown more pristine qualities such as better electrical properties than those derived from reduced graphene oxide (rGO). In this work, we developed porous 3D structures using graphene obtained via electrochemical exfoliation and explored their application as supercapacitor electrodes. By adjusting the content of the electrolyte in the exfoliation process, the aspect ratio of graphene sheets and the porosity of the graphene network can be optimized. Furthermore, the freezing temperature in the freeze drying step was also found to play a critical role in the resulting pore size distributions of the porous networks. Th e optimized conditions lead to meso- and macro-porous graphene aerogels with high surface area, extremely low densities and superior electrical properties. As a result, we have found that the graphene aerogel supercapacitors exhibit a specifi c capacitance of 325 F/g at 1 A/g and an energy density of 45 Wh/kg in 0.5 M H2SO4 aqueous electrolyte with high electrochemical stability required for the practical usage. Th is research provides a practical method for lightweight, high-performance and low-cost materials in the eff ective use of energy storage systems.

Kyung Oh Jung has completed his PhD in 2016 from Seoul National University College of Medicine, studying about the concepts of molecular imaging and tumor biology. He is a Post-doctoral fellow from Stanford University School of Medicine from September 2016.

Human Telemorase Reverse Transcriptase, hTERT, is expressed in most cancer cells, and considered as an important tumor biomarker. However, targeting hTERT is diffi cult due to its cellular location. We developed a new dual probe for optical and nuclear imaging to visualize intracellular hTERT proteins using Tat peptide-conjugated IgM antibody. Monoclonal IgM antibodies for hTERT were conjugated with the Tat peptide, fl uorescence dye (FPR648) and 64Cu-NOTA. HT29 (hTERT+) and U2OS (hTERT-) cells were imaged by confocal microscopy and analyzed by Tissue-FAXS. To visualize nuclear transport of hTERT, tumor cells were irradiated with 4 Gy of ionizing radiation. Tumor xenograft s were visualized using Maestro and PETBOX. Cellular penetration was improved by Tat peptide and retention time was prolonged with IgM antibody as compared to IgG antibody. More fl uorescence signals were detected in HT29 cells than in U2OS cells aft er 24 hr. Strong positive fl uorescence signals were observed in 78.54% of total HT29 cells. Interestingly, this probe could visualize nuclear transport of hTERT aft er irradiation. Fluorescence and PET images of the mice clearly showed higher fl uorescence signals and radio activities in HT29 tumors than in U2OS tumors. In tissues, fl uorescence signals were only detected in HT29 tumors. We developed a new fl uorescence/PET probe for visualizing the intracellular hTERT using the Tat conjugated antibody which improved cellular penetration. Th is system can be applied to visualize other intracellular proteins and also can be used to target intracellular biomarkers for therapeutic applications.

Makoto Sakurai got his PhD from Keio University on the topic "Magnetism and Structure of Magnetic Superlattice". He studied mechanism of atom-manipulation using scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and also developed a new technique of STM-induced light emission from atomic structures with the atom-resolved spatial resolution, as a researcher at RIKEN and NIMS. He is studying new functionality caused by dynamic defects-manipulation in wide-band-gap oxide nano/microstructures to achieve new-type computing architectures from 2007 and is also investigating for controlled self-assembly of peptide/molecules from 2013, as a Senior Researcher at NIMS.

Biomolecular self-assembly is a bottom-up approach to form nano/microstructures through non-covalent interactions of biomolecules. Construction of desired functional structures by self-assembled growth is of fundamental interest for applications in fields such as biosensors, biodevices, tissue repair and for promising platforms in next-generation devices. Th erefore, a deep understanding of the growth mechanism is required. However, growth process from nanoscale aggregations to hierarchical microstructures still remains unclear. Here, we report a new method of controlling and analyzing biomolecular self-assembly using a methanolic solution of short dipeptide diphenylalanine (FF), which has been known as a core recognition motif of Alzheimer’s b-amyloid polypeptide. The in situ observation of its growth gives unique information to understand growth mechanism of simple microtubes and "diatom-like" porous microspheres, which are produced through the formation of a small nucleus in the artifi cial local supersaturation. Although it is a simple model system, the method and interpretation will pave the way for controlled growth of more complicated biological nano/microstructures.

Peri Ahmad Korshed has completed her BSc in Biology and MSc in Biology/Microbiology from the University of Tikrit/Tikrit-Iraq. She served for about three years as a Lecturer at the University of Kirkuk-Iraq, and then moved to the University of Koya. She has two published papers in Koya University; one of them under the name, “Bacteriological study of some pathogens causing urinary tract infection” and the other, “The effect of some plant extracts on the activity of some pathogenic bacteria”. She is now working towards her PhD in School of Medicine, University of Manchester, UK. She has two papers ready for publication.

Multi-drug resistant pathogens have become a global health problem in recent years. Nanoparticle (NP) is a promising alternative to be used against bacteria. One way of producing NPs is the laser technology which is considered a clean method without relying on chemical reactants. In this study, Ag and Ag-TiO2 NPs were produced using laser ablation in deionised water. The aim of the study is to characterize the antibacterial activity of the laser NPs, the molecular mechanisms behind and the potential risk to human. The antibacterial activities of laser Ag and laser Ag-TiO2 NPs have been determined on the gram negative bacteria, E.coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus. Results showed that both types of NPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against all of the bacterial strains in this study. Laser Ag NPs induced significant amount of dose-dependent ROS generation which is associated with bacterial cell death. Increased cell permeability was observed when E. coli were co-cultured with the laser Ag NPs. Th e cytotoxicity of laser Ag and Ag-TiO2 NPs was determined using MTT assay on five different human cells including lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A5 49), endothelial cells (HEMC-1), kidney epithelial cells (HEK), dermal fibroblast (HDFc) and hepatic cells (HepG2). We found that laser Ag and Ag-TiO2 NPs had no significant cytotoxicity to the human cell types used in this study except for endothelial cells, which were more susceptible to the toxic effect of both laser Ag and Ag-TiO2 NPs. In conclusion, laser generated Ag and Ag-TiO2 NPs have strong bactericidal eff ect and low toxicity to human cells which could be a type of promising antibacterial agents for future hygiene and medical applications.

Nada Mahmoud Hegazy has completed her Master’s degree in January 2016, from the American University in Cairo, in Nanotechnology, and in the process of publishing the thesis work, and a Bachelor’s degree in May 2009 from the Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University. He has recieved a Diploma in Total Quality Managment (TQM), in February 2011 from the American University in Cairo and a Clinical Diploma from Cairo University. He has been a former Research and Development Specialist in a pharmaceutical company for one year, and currently a Quality Control Analyst in the National Organization for Drug Control and Research.

Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) and graphene (G) and graphene oxide (GO) are combined to prepare a hybrid nanocomposite to use in drug delivery. Th ese composites combine the useful properties of both types of structures: high interacting surface area, controlled release and biocompatibility, useful for good drug loading capacity and sustained drug release system. Th ese nanocomposites were tested for the loading and release of alendronate sodium, an osteoporotic drug with gastrointestinal adverse eff ects and low bioavailabilty (<1%). Th e prepared hybrid nanocomposites incorporated 2% w/w of G or GO with a 3:1 M2+/M3+ ratio of Zn-Al LDH in its nitrate form. Alendronate sodium was loaded into the hybrid nanocomposites as well as the pristine LDH by co-precipitation and ion exchange and all samples were characterized by powder x-ray diff raction, infrared spectroscopy and zetasizer analysis. Th e amount of drug loaded and released was determined by UV/Vis spectroscopy. Th e co-precipitation samples showed successful intercalation of the drug in a bi-layered arrangement within the LDH interlayer space. In spite of the intercalation of the drug in the pristine LDH by ion exchange, hybrid nanocomposite samples with G or GO did not exhibit drug intercalation. Drug loading for these samples seems to have been limited to surface adsorption on the LDH. Drug loading amounts ranged from 22.4% to 50.5% w/w, with noticeable increase in nanocomposites with G or GO prepared by co-precipitation. Th is increase is due to the additional surface area provided by the G or GO for drug loading. A signifi cant loading amount was observed for the pristine LDH sample prepared by ion-exchange due to the longer contact time with the drug during preparation. Th e drug release was highly sustained over 24 hours with minimum amounts released, and total release percentages at 24 hours ranging from 2.5% and 4.2%. This sustained release behavior is due to the strongly attached drug anions, embedded in the interlayers of the positively charged brucitelike layers. The observed variations in drug loading and release behavior is explained in terms of the charge on the brucite layers of the LDH and the different interactions between the drug and the G and GO present.