Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Jianqi Zhang
Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, China
Keynote: Oxygen storage behavior of nanoparticulated Pr1-xZrxO2-δ
Time : 10:00-10:40
Biography:
Mr. Jianqi Zhang has completed his PhD at the age of 36 years from the University of Central Florida. He continued postdoctoral studies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He currently serves as a Professor and the Director of Foreign Affairs at Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, China. He has published more than 80 papers in reputed journals and 4 books.
Abstract:
Pr1-xZrxO2-δ (x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1) nanoparticles were synthesized by ultra-sound assisted coprecipitation. The crystalline structure, morphology and composition of the fresh prepared and thermally aged nanoparticles were analyzed by XRD, TEM and Raman spectroscopy. The oxygen storage capability (OSC) and thermal durability were examined by temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The oxygen storage and transport mechanism were evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) by correlating electrical conductance with lattice defects. The results indicate that Pr1-xZrxO2-δ nanocrystallized particles exhibit fluorite structured except ZrO2 nanoparticles with a typical tetragonal structure. The oxygen storage and release capability of both fresh prepared and thermally aged Pr1-xZrxO2-δ increases monotonously with increment of Pr concentration (or decrease in Zr) to a maximum value of 1200 [μmol/g] that corresponds to PrO1.833 (Pr6O11), indicating their superior OSC and thermal durability. Unlike conventional Ce1-xZrxO2-δ promoters, the oxygen storage, release and transport of Pr1-xZrxO2-δ nanocrylline solid solutions accompanies with a homologous series of phase transformations by the change in lattice defects of oxygen interstitials, electron holes and Pr3+ cations. Compared to Ce1-xZrxO2-δ, Pr1-xZrxO2-δ presents better OSC (x≤0.4), thermal durability and a different mechanism on oxygen storage and transportation. This study manifests that Pr1-xZrxO2-δ (x≤0.4) solid solutions can be used as better promoters for the three way catalysts (TWC) in lieu of Ce1-xZrxO2-δ.
- Advanced Nanomaterials | Nanotech for Energy and Environment | Material Science and Engineering | Nanotechnology in Water Treatment | Nano Biomaterials | Nano Materials Synthesis and Characterisation | Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
Session Introduction
Sudip Chatterjee
Regent Education and Research Foundation, India
Title: The modification of Einstein’s DMR relation in Quantum Wire Super Lattices (QWSL) and study of Shubnikov de Hass effect in parabolic semiconductors : Simplified theory and suggestions for further experimental determination in biomaterials.
Biography:
Sudip Chatterjee is presently working as an Associate Professor in the department of Basic Science at a premier Institute of India. He had received his Ph.D.degree on some electronic transport properties of nanomaterials from Jadavpur University, Kolkata in 2005 and he continued his post doctoral research at TuDelft, The Netherlands. Presently he is working in the field of characterization and synthesis of bio-nano materials since 2008 and he had carried number of projects as the principal investigator and co investigator under the sponsorship of some premier research institutes. He has published more than 35 papers in reputed international journals. He has worked as a Senior Lecturer in St Xavier’s College, Kolkata, also as an Assistant Professor at Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim, India and also he has served as the Assistant Professor at the IFHE University, India.
Abstract:
The semiconductor super lattices (SLS) and nano wires have found wide applications in many electronic device structures and bio devices such as photo detectors, light emitters, avalanche photo diodes, compensatory transistors, tunneling devices, genetic diodes etc. The most extensively studied SL is the one consisting of alternate layers of GaAs and Ga1-xAlxAs, owing to its fabrication. The GaAs layers form the quantum wells, quantum dots, quantum wires and the Ga1-xAlxAs layers form the potential barriers. We wish to note that, the afore mentioned SLS have been proposed with the assumption that the interfaces between the layers are sharply defined with zero thicknesses so as to be devoid of any interface effects. As the potential form changes from a well (barrier) to a barrier (well), an intermediate potential region exists for the electrons. Thus the influence of the finite thickness of the interface on the carrier dispersion law becomes very important since, the carrier energy spectrum governs all the transport properties. In this paper, we shall investigate the DMR for the most interesting case which occurs in QWSLs of graded interfaces and compare the same with that of the constituent materials by formulating the respective one dimensional electron dispersion laws.
The above mentioned inversion layer(ILs) also produces the well studied Shubnikov de Has effect in different nano structured materials and have been found wide applications in the molecular and cell biology.
Ibtihag Yahya
Sudan University of Science and Technology, Sudan
Title: Computational modeling of photothermal therapy using gold nanoparticle for Lung cancer treatment
Biography:
Ibtihag holds an MSc degree in Biomedical Engineering with nanotechnology specialization from Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST). She is a research assistant of the Nanotechnology & Nanomaterial group at SUST and has published and submitted more than 9 papers in reputed journals. Ibtihag research interests include; modeling and designing nanoparticles for controlled release of active components, to engineered the functional characteristics of medicines in order to Improved drug therapeutics efficiency.
Abstract:
One of the most complex problems over the past decades is clinically approved cancer treatment methods because of the conventional methods side effects such as radiation, chemotherapy, and some medication. Correspondingly, in recent years and since 2010, the diagnosis and treatment of cancer have taken a great deal of interest, especially in the field of designing and developments of inorganic nanoparticles because of its unique properties such as thermal heating ability, surface functionalization, surface plasmon, absorption, and scattering properties. This study aims to compare strategies for using thermal therapy versus gold nanoparticles therapy. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to model both techniques by using electric current and bioheat transfer modules for ablation method and heat transfer in solid module for the gold nanoparticles method to treat a cancerous tumor that was discovered in the liver. This study's results of this computational modeling proved that using gold nanoparticles was examine the effectiveness of these particles as a heat source for hyperthermia in liver cancer therapy without affecting the surrounding natural tissue and damage it. This method can overcome the challenges faced by the ablation treatment method, such as hyperthermia and the inability to heat cancer cells locally and thus, limiting the heat within the tumor circumference very complex and difficult which is affecting the surrounding natural tissue and damage it. In conclusion, COMSOL Multiphysics was a very useful platform for modeling the hyperthermia treatment for cancerous cells necrosis over time.
Biography:
Dr. Doaa A Abdelfadeel, a lecturer in Medical Applications of Laser Dep., National institute of laser enhanced sciences, Cairo University. B.Sc. degree in pharmaceutical sciences from the faculty of pharmacy, Cairo University, M Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in laser applications in pharmaceutical sciences from National institute of laser enhanced sciences, Cairo University. My researches and post doctoral studies mainly focus on using nanotechnology in developing and improving the delivery of drugs particularly, photosensitizers and anticancer drugs. I have about 5 published papers in reputed journals covering many types of nanoparticles especially liposomes, polymeric, metalic and gold nanoparticles.
Abstract:
Doxorubicin (Dox) is well known for its broad spectrum anticancer activity , however it suffers from sever toxicity. The primary goal of loading Dox in different nanodelivery systems is to decrease nonspecific organ toxicity.
Dox encapsulated liposome (Doxil) has been approved by FDA for ovarian cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma treatment in United States. However, the researches are still going on to optimize the liposomes and to compare them to other types of nanoparticles.
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) have been the focus of many promising applications due to their unique properties, low cost, availability and biocompatibility. This study illustrates a simple, safe, low cost and ecofriendly technique for green synthesis of TiO2NPs from Aloe Vera leaves extract at different pH values. Doxorubicin was loaded in liposomes and conjugated to greenly synthesized TiO2NPs. Both formula were fully characterized then they have been injected in mice bearing Ehrlich tumor and compared to aquous solution of Dox.Tumor volume measurments and histopathological examinationwere conducted. The results reveled that both formula of Dox were more efficient than aqueous Dox solution, however, Dox encapsulated in liposomes showed more efficiency in treatment of tumor.
Narmin Suvarli
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
Title: Synthesis of Hybrid Nanoparticles via Aerosol Photopolymerization
Biography:
Narmin Suvarli M.Sc. has gained her Master’s Degree from the University of Helsinki and started her Ph.D. at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in 2018. She is a part of Innovative Training Network (ITN) “Towards next generation Eco-efficient PHOTO and EMULSION Polymerizations” funded by the European Horizon 2020 Marie SkÅ‚odowska-Curie Actions programme. As an Early Stage Researcher of this program, she is currently collaborating with Institut Charles Sadron (University of Strasbourg) and PESCHL Ultraviolet.
Abstract:
Present work is focused on producing polymeric nanoparticles using aerosol photopolymerization – an eco-efficient, surfactant-free and continuous polymerization process with immediate formation of radicals without the need for heating. This technique is a good alternative to water-based emulsion polymerization processes towards the synthesis of spherical polymeric nanoparticles and nanocapsules, as well as nanostructured particles. In addition, the aerosol photopolymerization process has been used to produce organic-inorganic spherical nanocomposites (ZnO nanoparticles inside a polymeric matrix). The recent project is concentrated on adjusting this technique to produce polymeric hybrid nanoparticles with tunable diameter via thiol-ene polymerization. Advantages of thiol-ene chemistry (i.e. radical initiation, step-growth mechanism, fast polymerization, consumption of all monomers) are used to produce spherical polymeric nanoparticles with silver or gold nanoparticles inside. These hybrid nanoparticles can be an effective tool for cancer diagnostics and treatment.
The process follows an elementary protocol. A spray solution containing silver nanoparticles of chosen size, monomers (thiol and alkene), photoinitiator and the volatile organic solvent was atomized using commercially available pneumatic aerosol generators forming a droplet aerosol. Droplets were polymerized during the passage through photoreactor and converted into silver nanoparticles encapsulated into a polymeric network. Collected nanoparticles were functionalized with biomolecules using conjugation techniques for further means of application.
Narmin Suvarli
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
Title: Synthesis of Hybrid Nanoparticles via Aerosol Photopolymerization
Biography:
Narmin Suvarli M.Sc. has gained her Master’s Degree from the University of Helsinki and started her Ph.D. at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in 2018. She is a part of Innovative Training Network (ITN) “Towards next generation Eco-efficient PHOTO and EMULSION Polymerizations” funded by the European Horizon 2020 Marie SkÅ‚odowska-Curie Actions programme. As an Early Stage Researcher of this program, she is currently collaborating with Institut Charles Sadron (University of Strasbourg) and PESCHL Ultraviolet.
Abstract:
Present work is focused on producing polymeric nanoparticles using aerosol photopolymerization – an eco-efficient, surfactant-free and continuous polymerization process with immediate formation of radicals without the need for heating. This technique is a good alternative to water-based emulsion polymerization processes towards the synthesis of spherical polymeric nanoparticles and nanocapsules, as well as nanostructured particles. In addition, the aerosol photopolymerization process has been used to produce organic-inorganic spherical nanocomposites (ZnO nanoparticles inside a polymeric matrix). The recent project is concentrated on adjusting this technique to produce polymeric hybrid nanoparticles with tunable diameter via thiol-ene polymerization. Advantages of thiol-ene chemistry (i.e. radical initiation, step-growth mechanism, fast polymerization, consumption of all monomers) are used to produce spherical polymeric nanoparticles with silver or gold nanoparticles inside. These hybrid nanoparticles can be an effective tool for cancer diagnostics and treatment.
The process follows an elementary protocol. A spray solution containing silver nanoparticles of chosen size, monomers (thiol and alkene), photoinitiator and the volatile organic solvent was atomized using commercially available pneumatic aerosol generators forming a droplet aerosol. Droplets were polymerized during the passage through photoreactor and converted into silver nanoparticles encapsulated into a polymeric network. Collected nanoparticles were functionalized with biomolecules using conjugation techniques for further means of application.
Narmin Suvarli
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
Title: Synthesis of Hybrid Nanoparticles via Aerosol Photopolymerization
Biography:
Narmin Suvarli M.Sc. has gained her Master’s Degree from the University of Helsinki and started her Ph.D. at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in 2018. She is a part of Innovative Training Network (ITN) “Towards next generation Eco-efficient PHOTO and EMULSION Polymerizations” funded by the European Horizon 2020 Marie SkÅ‚odowska-Curie Actions programme. As an Early Stage Researcher of this program, she is currently collaborating with Institut Charles Sadron (University of Strasbourg) and PESCHL Ultraviolet.
Abstract:
Present work is focused on producing polymeric nanoparticles using aerosol photopolymerization – an eco-efficient, surfactant-free and continuous polymerization process with immediate formation of radicals without the need for heating. This technique is a good alternative to water-based emulsion polymerization processes towards the synthesis of spherical polymeric nanoparticles and nanocapsules, as well as nanostructured particles. In addition, the aerosol photopolymerization process has been used to produce organic-inorganic spherical nanocomposites (ZnO nanoparticles inside a polymeric matrix). The recent project is concentrated on adjusting this technique to produce polymeric hybrid nanoparticles with tunable diameter via thiol-ene polymerization. Advantages of thiol-ene chemistry (i.e. radical initiation, step-growth mechanism, fast polymerization, consumption of all monomers) are used to produce spherical polymeric nanoparticles with silver or gold nanoparticles inside. These hybrid nanoparticles can be an effective tool for cancer diagnostics and treatment.
The process follows an elementary protocol. A spray solution containing silver nanoparticles of chosen size, monomers (thiol and alkene), photoinitiator and the volatile organic solvent was atomized using commercially available pneumatic aerosol generators forming a droplet aerosol. Droplets were polymerized during the passage through photoreactor and converted into silver nanoparticles encapsulated into a polymeric network. Collected nanoparticles were functionalized with biomolecules using conjugation techniques for further means of application.
Felicia F. Bobinihi
North-West University, South Africa
Title: The biological activities of NiS nanoparticles and NiS/PEG nanocomposites from primary amines
Biography:
Abstract:
Nancy Healy
Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Title: The national nanotechnology coordinated infrastructure and its role in meeting the workforce nanotechnology demands in the US
Biography:
Abstract:
Carla Palencia-Aguilar
GC2M Corp, USA
Title: How nanotechnology in the food industry could fight against Covid-19 ?
Biography:
Abstract:
Nancy Healy
Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Title: Future advancements – Where will the workforce come from to meet future nanotechnology R&D needs?
Biography:
Abstract:
Guillermo Valdes Mesa
Havana University Center Biomaterial, Cuba
Title: The convergence of technologies, generates convergence in the regulations
Biography:
Born in Havana, Cuba in 1962, graduated in Physics in 1985, working for the Microelectronics Industry, as head of final control investigations degradation production of electronic components, working for the Electronics Industry, department of reliability, characterization work performed Luma-Chroma plate worker Research Institute of Metrology, work Challenges of Metrology in Cuba in the era of nanotechnology. Work published in the ISO TC 229, ISO TC229 / IEC 113, required for conformity assessment of research and nano-scale productions Tool page. Master of Science. Currently my research is directed towards an analysis of the chains of traceability that are needed in the industrial revolution that we are experiencing the Convergences of technologies, which is approaching the Quantum revolution with the objective of the evaluation of conformity, of a sustainable way, with a minimum of environmental impact and with social responsibility
Abstract:
The convergence of nanotechnologies generates synergies among different technologies to say, nanotechnologies, neurotechnology, computers and biotechnology, these technologies must converge) itchier regulations, the application of medical devices in nanotechnologies should lead us to a link between the technical committee TC 210 and ISO technical committee 229 link that does not exist in our work in this moment In this do an analysis of the management of risk from an optical NC-ISO 14971 ). Studying the global trend in this respect as imported for manufacturers medical Devices worldwide. The convergences of technologies is a consequence of atomic precision, where the boundary between the biotic and abiotic mute blur the interaction. The interaction between nanotechnologies, biotechnology and informatics and communications (NBI) generates a synergy of unusual consequences of all is known that the industry of semiconductor)s is the one of greater precision that is atomic, the new medical devices that will be applied in the teranocis will dose Physical principles that will be governed under the laws of quantum mechanicsbut there are two problems that have not been solved even though they are one the non-existence of quantum biology and the transition from quantum to classical mechanics. On the other hand, the redefinition of the international system of units based on the universal constants that will be implemented by 2019 has a deficiency that is the second that redefirms implies redefinition of the meter the chain of traceability proposed for nanometrology presents a serious difficulty when putting the microcopy of atomic force wing of effect tunnel situation that is changing the verification of the Wiedemann-Franz law at atomic level yields a result where the phononic component is taken into account, a result that launches STM to the cusp of the chain of traceability above inclusive of interferometry.
Madhavi Swamy
Cummins college of Engineering For Women, Pune
Title: Advances in Biomemisis of Nano Materials and it’s application
Biography:
Madhavi Swamy is currently pursuing her Bachelor’s degree from Cummins College of Engineering for Women, Pune in the field of Mechanical Engineering. She also received a Research Fellowship at Teesside university, Middlesbrough, UK. Wherein she worked in a DASA, UK sponsored project under the title “Expanded Metal Foam – Strength improvements through sintering”. She is also working on her sponsored Final year project under Kirloskar Oil and Engines, Ltd, titled “Estimation of Pressure drop across exhaust system by cfd simulation”.
Akash Joshi completed his Bachelor’s degree from Vishwakarma Institiute of Information Technology. He is currently employed at a startup org ‘Gigindia’ as a Fullstack developer. He has publishes two paper under his name titled “Global MBA and Cross-Cultural Issues” and “Comparative study of NLP based IR system”.
Abstract:
Biomimesis is the science that incorporates or mimics the model, structure and working of nature.The working mechanisms of natural elements such as efficiency, durability, adaptability and self healing capability have always intrigued designers and engineers. This scientific integration has been useful in solving complex real life problems mainly self-repairing abilities, multifunctional coatings, environmental exposure tolerance and resistance, energy crisis, etc. By studying this art of life we can enhance the working of our existing mechanical modules. For instance, maple seeds use aerodynamic principles to disperse themselves into the wind over long distances, they rotate while falling off and eventually this spin stabilises the descent even under the influence of strong wind velocities. The centre of gravity of the wing shaped seed is determined by the positioning of the heavy nut located at the base, which helps in maintaining a lift even with slow velocity. This technique has been used in developing helicopter blades, gliders, aircrafts and drones. Despite the technological advancements in the field of science, engineers and scientists are having difficulty in solving complex engineering and survival problems. Innovating with Bio inspired solutions will help us not only to solve such problems but also to address the concerns of climate change. This paper reviews the existing technologies used in biologically synthesizing the nanomaterials and their highly efficient properties. A thorough report on various categories of biomimetics will also be studied.
Esma Nur Develi
Bezmialem Vakif University, Turkey
Title: Development of a method for industrial production of plga nanoparticles with quality by design (qbd) approach
Biography:
Esma Develi (BCs) was graduated from Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Uskudar Univ. in 2018. She is a master student at Bezmialem Vakıf University, Department of Biotechnology. Her research interests are nano drug delivery systems, targeted cancer therapy and biotechnology.
Abstract:
Poly-lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), which are named as gold standard FDA, are conventionally produced using different methods none of which are suitable for industrial production. o/w or w/o/w emulsification process is the most common method, in which removal of the organic solvent needs an evaporation process in R.T. Furthermore this process needs employing toxic excipients to emulsify the organic phase in aqueous media which are not applicable in production of PLGA NPs in bulk scale.
Microfluidizer instruments (MF) with the principle of homogenization at high pressure, are very convenient devices for industrial production of ‘self-assembly, systems, including PLGA NPs. In the present study, PLGA NPs were synthesized using MF while the formulation parameters were optimized by application of Quality by Design (QbD) approach.
In the Central Composite Design (CCD) used for the optimization of PLGA NPs the variable parameters of MF were processing pressure and number of passes, while the formulation variables were PLGA amount (mg) and Tween80 amount (mg). 60 formulations were designed and the optimized formulation was chosen according to the responses including small particle size (PS), high zeta potential (ZP) and narrow Poly Dispercity Index (PDI). The o/w emulsion was prepared using a simple mechanical stirrer prior to MF process and the organic solvent (acetone) was evaporated using spray dryer.
In this study curcumin was used as active ingredient encapsulated in PLGA nano-micelles. As a result injectable, (PS less than 200 nm) and stable (ZP higher than -25 mv) PLGA NPs were obtained with a narrow PDI value (less than 0.2).
Seyma Bulut
Bezmialem Vakıf University, Turkey
Title: The effects of PLGA-Curcumin nano-formulation on the levels of Nf Kappa B sub-units in cancer cell lines
Biography:
Åžeyma Bulut is studying in Master's Programme in Bezmialem Vakif University, Department of Biotechnology- Istanbul-Turkey. She was graduated from department of Molecular Biology and Genetics- Bilim University-Istanbul, Turkey. She has the experiences in studying molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer agents in national and international internship programs.
Abstract:
In addition to the toxic effects of cancer chemotherapeutics on healthy cells, it is important to increase the effectiveness of these drugs by means of pro-oxidant polyphenols especially by considering their costly price in clinical use. Polylactic-co-glycocolic acid (PLGA), the most used one among polymeric materials, is a biomaterial commonly used in new drug delivery systems and approved by the FDA. In many studies, safety and efficacy of curcumin in prevention and treatment of cancer has been emphasized. NF-kB; is a transcription factor in regulation of many genes which are responsible of inflammation, immune response, proliferation and apoptosis. The increase in the level of reactive oxygen species due to stress affects the NF-kB transcription factor in the cell. A better understanding of the NF-kB structure and mechanism of action will play an important role in the reduction of cellular stress and hence the emergence of new approaches and mechanisms of action in eliminating the negative effects of stress. The investigation of the effect of PLGA-Curcumin Nano-formulation (Nano Curc) on the level of NF-kB subunits in cancer cells were investigated in this study.
The effect of Nano-Curc on the ratios of four sub-units of NF-kB including P65, P52, P50 and C-Rel were evaluated on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines which were pre-treated with paclitaxel. P65 was the most supressed sub-unit by Nano-Curc which could be counted as the success of this nano formulation in decrease of inflammation at cancer tumor.
Marwa Hassan
2Immunology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
Title: Protective Effects of Free Curcumin and Its Nanoparticles on Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Murine Model
Biography:
Marwa Hassan graduated from Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, in 2006. She obtained Master Degree and M.D. in Clinical and Chemical Pathology from Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, in 2012 and in 2015, respectively. She is a Researcher at Immunology Department and Vice Manager of Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI) Hospital. She has worked as PI, Co-PI, and participant in 11 research projects funded by TBRI and has worked as Co-PI and as a participant in 5 research projects sponsored by international and national agencies. She has published 14 research articles in international journals.
Abstract:
Curcumin, a natural compound present in turmeric, has a potential aptitude to suppress carcinogenesis in pre-clinical models. However, its therapeutic applications are constrained by its prominent metabolic instability as well as inadequate absorption. The current study was designed to enhance the curcumin bioavailability by exploiting the drug delivery systems; nanoparticles. Eleven groups of mice with six animals in each group were divided into: control group, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) group induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) injection, 2 groups treated with DEN plus high dose (50 mg/kg) and low dose (10 mg/kg) of free curcumin, 2 groups treated with high and low dose of free curcumin, nanoparticles control group, 2 groups treated with DEN plus high dose (3.3 mg/kg) and low dose (0.6 mg/kg) of nanoparticulate curcumin, and 2 groups treated with high and low dose of nanoparticulate curcumin. It was found that DEN administration significantly increased serum liver enzymes, VEGF, TNF-α, AFP, MDA, and NF-kB. Also, it decreased serum albumin and tissue antioxidant activities and caused severe histological changes in hepatic tissue. Oral treatment of DEN-injected mice with either high dose of free curcumin or the two tested doses of nanoparticulate curcumin resulted in a significant improvement of all the tested parameters and the histopathology of liver tissue. In conclusion, our results showed that the high dose of free curcumin and the two doses of nanoparticulate curcumin were effective in preventing DEN-induced HCC indicating that the nanoparticles improved curcumin bioavailability as they were effective in preventing HCC despite their enormously low doses.
Khalid E. Al Ani
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan
Title: Photochemical Reactions in the Irradiated Poly (para- substituted Styrene) in Solid films and in Solutions
Biography:
Professor Al Ani has completed his PhD at the age of 26 years from Southampton University - England , UK, and postdoctoral studies from Texas University, Austin, Texas - USA .He was a visiting professor at Liverpool University at the Inorganic and industrial department, Liverpool – England, UK.. He has a professor post at Baghdad University, Department of Physical Chemistry – Iraq, a professor of physical chemistry at Oran University of science and technology – Algeria, also at the Hashemite University – Jordan. He was dean of Faculty of Pharmacy (2014 – 2017) at Jadara University, Jordan. Currently, he is Head of the Pharmaceutical since department at Jadara university – Irbid, Jordan. He has published more than 48 original articles in international journals, and attended more than 19 international conferences around the world.
Abstract:
In the last few years, much attention has been focused on research to prepare new generation of Poly (para – substituted styrene), and to study the irradiation, thermal and plasticization effects on stability of these new polymers. The photodegradation of irradiated solid films was studied by using UV – Visible, Fluorescence, FT - IR and TLC spectroscopic techniques. Irradiated pure and blended Poly (para – substituted styrene) solid films showed a gradual increase in the absorption intensity of the main band with the increase in the amount of blended plasticizers and increase in the irradiation time as well as the formation of new bands at longer wavelengths. The fluorescence spectra of irradiated polymers in solid films and in solutions of different polarity, showed a deformation in the fluorescence main band and the appearance of new bands at longer wavelengths, indication the distraction of polymer chains and the formation of new photo products through the formation of free radical reactions. The FT – IR spectra of irradiated pure and blended solid films, showed an increase or decrease of the polymer vibration frequencies, as well as a changes in numerous inferred bands intensities. The increase in the intensities of the analyzed ranges is attributed to the formation of carbonyl, hydroxyl, and aliphatic ketones and to the increase in the number of polyene structures that resulted from hydrogen abstraction during photodegradation reactions. The analysis of the Fourier-transform infrared spectra of the irradiated and nonirradiated samples showed a noticeable formation of a new broad band centered at (1,727 cm−1, C=O), assigned to the growth of aliphatic ketones formerly from the reaction of reactive alkoxy radicals. Its intensity was found to increase with the increase in irradiation time and also with the increase in the amount of added Terephthalate and phthalates plasticizer, indicating an increase in the efficiency of the photo degradation process. The analysis of fragments that resulted from the photo irradiation samples of PSP in solution, using electrospray ionization-ion trap (ESI) . Where the separation and determination of the fragments which resulted from degraded polymer were studied by LC–ESI-MS in positive mode, and gave the best specificity and sensitivity for their detection. The positive ion (ESI-MS) spectra showed five main peaks of the total ion chromatogram (TIC). All the compounds that were resulted from the photodegradation of the irradiate polymer solution gave the protonated molecules [M + H+] after ionization in the electro spray source. The fragmentation ions showed the formation of monomer, dimmer and oxygenated organic compounds. Some kinetics work was applied to the results on fluorescence intensity of the excimeric emission to evaluate the quenching efficiencies and photo quenching rate constant by applying Al Ani – Hawi equation. Electrophilic substitution such as (Cl, and Br) in the para position of the polymer backbone should less stability towards UV – Irradiation, whereas, necluophilic substitution such as ( - H, -CH3, -OCH3, -OC2H5, -C6H5, α – CH3, α –OCH3, Phenyl and – C (CH3)4 should higher stability towards irradiation of plasticization. Among the para-substituted polystyrene, Poly (4- fluorostyrene) should a very high stability towards irradiation and plasticization that all polymers used in these studies. It is even more stable than polystyrene, The mechanism of the photodegradation of these irradiated polymers was found to started from abstraction of α – hydrogen atom from the phenyl group followed by a random chain scission in the polymer backbone. Proposed mechanism for the photodegradation of para-substituted styrene in solid films and in solution was based on the decrease or increase in the functional groups that appears from the FT – IR spectra of irradiated solid films.