Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Makoto Sakurai
National Institute for Materials Science, Japan
Keynote: Dynamic defect-manipulation induced novel functionality in SnO2
Time : 9:30 - 10:00
Biography:
Makoto Sakurai got his PhD from Keio University on the topic, "Magnetism And Structure of Magnetic Superlattice". He studied mechanism of atom-manipulation using scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and also developed a new technique of STM-induced light emission from atomic structures with the atom-resolved spatial resolution, as a researcher at RIKEN and NIMS. He is studying new functionality caused by dynamic defects-manipulation in wide-band-gap oxide nano/microstructures to achieve new-type computing architectures from 2007 and is also investigating for controlled self-assembly of peptide/molecules from 2013, as a Senior Researcher at NIMS.
Abstract:
Disordered systems have been studied for scientifi c interest and also for unique potential applications. Recently, the conductance of a single-crystal SnO2 microrod on a flexible substrate was found to show reversible semiconductorinsulator transition by applying mechanical stress and an appropriate voltage. The decrease of the conductance is caused by the creation of lattice defects in mechanically bent microrods, because the defects work as trapping sites for carriers. With the increase of the stress, the strain leads to the formation of slip planes in the rutile structure. The microrod changes continuously from its normal semiconducting state to the insulating state by bending the fl exible substrate. Th e insulating state is maintained after releasing the stress. Interestingly, the insulating state reverts to the original semiconducting state by the electrical healing of the defects. The transition can be tuned in a reversible and non-volatile manner. We applied this unique feature in SnO2 microrods to the application of ultraviolet (UV) photodetector, and tried to solve the persistent photoconductivity (PPC) problem in wide-band-gap semiconductors, which originated from a very long lifetime of photo-excited electrons. We demonstrated one solution to the problem by high photoconductive gain (~1.5×109) and quick recovery speed (<1 s) of the simple SnO2 microrod photoconductor. Th e quick recovery speed to the excited electrons with long life time was achieved by a novel “Reset” process: Bending and straightening the microrod and subsequently applying a voltage pulse. We also discuss about unique humidity sensing of the SnO2-based core-shell devices.
Keynote Forum
Uma Batra
PEC University of Technology, India
Keynote: Novel nanocrystalline bioactive coatings for Ti6Al4V bio-implants
Time : 10:00-10:30
Biography:
Uma Batra is Professor and Head of Department of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering and Dean of Faculty Affairs at PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India, a premier institute with a history of more than 100 years. Significantly PEC is the almamater of the late Indo-American astronaut and Aeronautical Engineering student Kalpana Chawla. Her research areas include nano hydroxyapatite for bioimplants, bioactive coatings on metallic implants. She has authored more than 100 research papers in national and international journals. She has delivered more than 50 invited talks in the area of Metallurgy and Materials. She was nominated offi cially in 2007 as the fi rst Indian Woman Engineer Representative to the U.S Society of Women Engineers (SWE) US by a delegation from the American Society of Engineering Education.
Abstract:
Bone is a connective tissue composed of an organic collagenous matrix and a fine dispersion of reinforcing inorganic hydroxyapatite nanocrystals, whose synergistic and hierarchical structure renders unique properties to bone tissue in terms of hardness, flexibility and regenerative capacity. Metallic materials offer mechanical properties like resilience and strength required to replicate bone tissue in load-bearing applications. However, the success or failure of an implant depends on its interaction with the surrounding tissue. Thus mechanical as well as biological properties of bone implants should be most favorable for its swift and strong bonding with the bone tissue. Ti6Al4V as bio-implant in orthopedic research received a lot of attention in recent years because of its good biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, it suffers from release of nickel and chromium ions in human body. In this concern, coatings can be applied to Ti6Al4V to reduce the ion release tendency and also to facilitate the process of bone healing. Hydroxyapatite is the most evident candidate for application as coating to improve the performance of Ti6Al4V bio-implants. The keynote will focus on an overview of recent trends and strategies that are currently being investigated to improve the performance of Ti6Al4V bio-implants in terms of functionality and biological efficacy.
Keynote Forum
Yuko S Yamamoto
Kagawa University, Japan
Keynote: Further perspectives on nanostructures for single-molecule vibrational spectroscopy
Time : 10:50-11:20
Biography:
Yuko S Yamamoto is growing as a Spectroscopist particularly based on Raman Spectroscopy and Plasmon-Enhanced Spectroscopy. She studied Raman Spectroscopy and completed her PhD (2011) in Prof. Yukihiro Ozaki laboratory in Kwansei Gakuin University, Japan. Then she started surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) under the supervision of Prof. Tamitake Itoh as a Post-doctoral fellow at National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan, and received the research fellowship for young scientists position of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) in Kagawa University, Japan (2014). Her specialties are Raman Spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Her current research interests are plasmon-enhanced single-molecule vibrational spectroscopies i.e., SERS, Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), surface-enhanced coherent anti-stokes Raman spectroscopy (SE-CARS) and surface-enhanced hyper Raman scattering (SEHRS).
Abstract:
The concept of “Single-molecule spectroscopy” becomes widely known in recent days, particularly aft er the nobel lecture in chemistry in 2014, which is entitled “Single-molecule spectroscopy, imaging, and photocontrol: Foundations for super-resolution microscopy” by the novel laureate W. E. Moerner. Th is talk focused on the development of super-resolved fl uorescence microscopy using fl uorescent tags attached to specifi c molecules. While, as a spectroscopist, one can expect the phrase “single-molecule spectroscopy” to directly obtain the vibrational information from any type of single specifi c molecule by this technique, since we know that the important technical backgrounds for it may already exist as i.e., surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS), surface-enhanced coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering (SE-CARS) or surface-enhanced hyper Raman scattering (SEHRS). Th ese plasmon-enhanced vibrational spectroscopies have a certain potential to detect any type of molecules at single-molecule level. However, only few specifi c molecules were reported as target molecules at single-molecule level using SERS, TERS, SE-CARS and SEHRS, therefore, the conceptual steps remains to realize a further achievement on “Single-molecule spectroscopy”. In this meeting, we will discuss perspectives for what will be needed to complete the single-molecule vibrational spectroscopy. Every researchers working on plasmon-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy (SERS, TERS and SE-CARS), vibrational spectroscopy and/or plasmonics are all welcome to the meeting. Nanotechnology for plasmon-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy will also be discussed as an important topic.